Are e-cigarettes really safe? NEJM Clinician Editor-in-Chief Raja-Elie Abdulnour, MD, discusses a population-based study investigating the relation between e-cigarette use and lung cancer risk. Read the key results and comment from Sara Turbow, MD, MPH: https://jwat.ch/4f2rgJF

𝐍𝐨𝐰 𝐚𝐯𝐚𝐢𝐥𝐚𝐛𝐥𝐞 𝐢𝐧 𝑵𝑬𝑱𝑴 𝑬𝒗𝒊𝒅𝒆𝒏𝒄𝒆! A new Public Health Alerts report, published in partnership with @cidrap.bsky.social: Measles Hospitalizations in Utah, 2025–2026 https://eviden.cc/44rO2WB #InfectiousDisease

In a new Voices blog post, Paul Sax, MD, takes us on a guided tour through EIAs, RPRs, false negatives, false positives, and the strange endurance of a test from 1906. Read the latest: https://nej.md/4wGhQLo

Nutrition therapy, the provision and monitoring of enteral and parenteral nutrition, is essential for critically ill adults who are unable to maintain volitional intake during both the acute and late phases of illness. Read the full review: https://nej.md/44m85Wt

A 71-year-old man was found to have a tapeworm (shown in a video) in his peritoneal cavity during elective repair of a right inguinal hernia. He recalled having consumed raw snake meat during his military service 50 years earlier. Read the full case presentation: https://nej.md/4wy8fGj

TRANSCEND trial: Approved treatments are lacking for acquired hypothalamic obesity. New research findings on the efficacy and safety of setmelanotide, a melanocortin-4 receptor agonist, are summarized in a Quick Take video: https://nej.md/4eVGFg9

Among participants 4 to 66 years of age with acquired hypothalamic obesity, setmelanotide, a melanocortin-4 receptor agonist, led to significantly greater reductions in body-mass index and hunger than placebo at 52 weeks. Read the full TRANSCEND trial results: https://nej.md/3Rm9E3L

In a phase 3 trial involving patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, inhaled treprostinil was associated with a smaller decline in forced vital capacity and a lower risk of clinical worsening than placebo over 52 weeks. Read the full TETON-2 trial results: https://nej.md/3RqUHgP

In a new Voices blog post, Kemi Doll, MD, writes that too often, health equity scientists must challenge the existing bias of what people think they already know. Hear more from Dr. Doll: https://nej.md/4w1dUF4

Updated estimates of the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the United States indicate that the overall national burden of CKD has remained stable, but an increasing proportion is associated with diabetes. Learn more: https://nej.md/4wxMc2f

In resected 𝘈𝘓𝘒-positive non–small-cell lung cancer, treatment with ensartinib, a second-generation ALK inhibitor, led to higher disease-free survival than placebo. Learn more about the ELEVATE trial in a short Quick Take video: https://nej.md/4f3LD9u

A 21-year-old man had measles after allogeneic stem-cell transplantation complicated by graft-versus-host disease. After he had recovered from the acute infection, an encephalitis developed that was ultimately fatal. Read more: https://nej.md/4bvswE8

Nutrition therapy, the provision and monitoring of enteral and parenteral nutrition, is essential for critically ill adults who are unable to maintain volitional intake during both the acute and late phases of illness. Read the review: https://nej.md/44m85Wt

Among patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, inhaled treprostinil led to a smaller decline in forced vital capacity than placebo over 52 weeks. Cough and drug discontinuation were more common with treprostinil. Read the full TETON-1 trial results: https://nej.md/4wspx7x

A new Interactive Medical Case describes a 73-year-old man with a history of heart failure who presented to the ED with a rash, weight gain, dyspnea, and new-onset visible hematuria. Test your diagnostic and therapeutic skills: https://nej.md/4bz8Jnk

TETON-1 trial: For patients with IPF, effective therapies are needed. Results from two phase 3 trials on the efficacy and safety of inhaled treprostinil are summarized in a short Quick Take video: https://nej.md/4fbaLLF

Among patients with resected 𝘈𝘓𝘒-positive non–small-cell lung cancer, 2-year disease-free survival was higher with the ALK inhibitor ensartinib than with placebo. Grade 3 adverse events were more frequent with ensartinib. Full results of the ELEVATE trial: https://nej.md/4wsDQZS

In a new NEJM Voices blog post, Don Dizon, MD, writes about the mission of doctors to always make decisions carefully, honestly, and together with patients. Read more: https://nej.md/4vp7kHd

A 6-month-old boy was transferred to a quaternary children’s hospital for evaluation and management of seizures. One week earlier, he had had decreased oral intake, vomiting, and irritability. Lab tests showed hypocalcemia, hypophosphatemia, and microcytic anemia. https://nej.md/4vWNjZN

A 42-year-old man with a recent stem-cell transplant presented with a 2-week history of urinary frequency and weak stream. Papules were seen on the penile shaft. Urethroscopy showed papillomatous lesions on the urethral mucosa. Read the full case presentation: https://nej.md/44m89FH

Observational evidence suggests that the four-component meningococcal B vaccine (4CMenB) may reduce gonorrhea risk. In the GoGoVax randomized trial, 4CMenB did not result in a lower incidence of 𝘕. 𝘨𝘰𝘯𝘰𝘳𝘳𝘩𝘰𝘦𝘢𝘦 infection than placebo. Read the full trial results: https://nej.md/4wv9Qwi

Growing acceptance of voluntary euthanasia, which opens the door to death by organ donation, warrants a recontextualization of the dead donor rule and assessment of the ethical principles involved. Learn more: https://nej.md/4wy8bX5

In a new Science behind the Study, I. Sadaf Farooqi, MB, ChB, PhD, describes the scientific basis for a trial of an MC4R agonist in persons with acquired hypothalamic obesity. Those who received the drug had reductions in body-mass index and hunger. Read more: https://nej.md/4wpXohA

New in NEJM: Inhaled Treprostinil for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (TETON-1 and TETON-2 trials) Setmelanotide for Acquired Hypothalamic Obesity (TRANSCEND) Ensartinib after Resection in ALK-Positive NSCLC (ELEVATE) Explore the issue: https://nej.md/current-issue

Among patients with resected ALK-positive non–small-cell lung cancer, 2-year disease-free survival was higher with the ALK inhibitor ensartinib than with placebo. Grade 3 adverse events were more frequent with ensartinib. Full ELEVATE trial results: https://nej.md/4wsDQZS

Among participants 4 to 66 years of age with acquired hypothalamic obesity, setmelanotide, a melanocortin-4 receptor agonist, led to significantly greater reductions in body-mass index and hunger than placebo at 52 weeks. Full results of the TRANSCEND trial: https://nej.md/3Rm9E3L

Among patients with newly diagnosed relapsing multiple sclerosis, rituximab was noninferior to ocrelizumab in preventing new or enlarging lesions on MRI. The risk of serious adverse events was similar in the two groups. Full OVERLORD-MS trial results and Research Summary: https://nej.md/3QJuaep

NEJM Editorial Fellow Katerina Lin, MD, outlines results of the FLAURA2 trial that analyzed osimertinib plus chemotherapy in EGFR-mutated advanced non–small-cell lung cancer. Read the full trial results: https://nej.md/4opdBzC

This artificial intelligence–derived and validated machine-learning system appeared to predict the risk of Hirschsprung disease with the use of genetic and demographic data from participants in China. Learn more: https://nej.md/4xVlzWE

Our latest video in our partnership with @glaucomflecken.bsky.social summarizes the AZ-SWED trial that evaluated whether a 5-day course of azithromycin decreases the severity of illness in young children with wheezing. Read the full study for free: https://nej.md/DrG44 #pediatrics